Advanced Viruses: Interactions, Recombination, and Transmission Advanced Viruses: Interactions, Recombination, and Transmission 1. Virus Interactions Viruses can interact with each other in various ways, leading to changes in their genetics and phenotypes. Here are some major forms of interactions: a. Recombination: Concept: Recombination occurs when two genetically related viruses infect a single cell. Their genetic…

BIOCHEMISTRY: INFORMATION ON CARBOHYDRATES BIOCHEMISTRY: INFORMATION ON CARBOHYDRATES 1. Glucose: Structure: Glucose exists in 3 forms: Linear form: An open chain, linear structure. Cyclic form: A 6-membered (pyranose) or 5-membered (furanose) ring. This is the most common form in solution. Chair form: A conformational change of the cyclic form, providing stability to the molecular structure.…

Neurophysiology: Some Important Points to Consider Neurophysiology: Some Important Points to Consider Your article highlights several important points regarding neurophysiology. To enhance its comprehensiveness and accuracy, let’s delve into specific details and provide a more thorough explanation: 1. NMN Recurrence Prevention? NMN: This stands for Meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround…

Inflammation and Repair: Histological Features and Associated Factors Inflammation and Repair: Histological Features and Associated Factors 1. Histological Features of Inflammation: Inflammation is a complex biological response to tissue injury that involves the activation of various immune cells and the release of signaling molecules, collectively known as mediators of inflammation. The primary goal of inflammation…

Hypertension (HTN) Hypertension (HTN) 1. Definition: Hypertension (HTN) is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is chronically elevated. It is generally defined as a systolic blood pressure (the pressure when the heart beats) of 140 mmHg or higher, and/or a diastolic blood pressure (the pressure when the heart relaxes) of 90…

9 Steps of a Routine Prenatal Checkup – A Detailed Guide for Expectant Mothers 9 Steps of a Routine Prenatal Checkup – A Detailed Guide for Expectant Mothers Prenatal checkups are crucial for monitoring both the mother’s and baby’s health throughout pregnancy. Regular visits allow early detection of any issues, enabling timely intervention and ensuring…

Pesticides and Occupational Safety Pesticides and Occupational Safety I. Pesticide Classification 1. By Toxicity: – IA: Highly Toxic (Red) – IA1: Highly Toxic – IA2: Red Toxic – II: Moderately Toxic (Yellow) – III: Slightly Toxic (Light Blue) – IV: Very Slightly Toxic (Green) 2. By Biodegradation Time: – Fast-degrading group: Easily breaks down in…

Kidney Physiology: Kidney Physiology: 1. Introduction: The kidneys are vital organs in the urinary system, playing a crucial role in filtering blood, removing waste products, and maintaining the body’s internal balance. The kidneys also participate in blood pressure regulation, red blood cell production, and various other functions. 2. Kidney Functions: Endocrine Functions: Blood Pressure Regulation:…

The Syndrome of Wei Qi, Ying Qi and Xue – Theoretical Basis and Practical Applications The Syndrome of Wei Qi, Ying Qi and Xue – Theoretical Basis and Practical Applications Author: Diệp Thiên Sỹ (Qing Dynasty) Concept: The Syndrome of Wei Qi, Ying Qi and Xue is a crucial concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM),…

Pulse Diagnosis: Basic Knowledge and its Application in Diagnosis Pulse Diagnosis: Basic Knowledge and its Application in Diagnosis Pulse diagnosis is one of the important diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine. By palpating the pulse, the physician can identify the patient’s health condition through the distinctive characteristics of the pulse beat. I. Concept of Pulse…