Abdominal Emergency – Intestinal Obstruction Abdominal Emergency – Intestinal Obstruction Intestinal obstruction is a condition where there is a blockage in the digestive tract, preventing food and waste from moving through the intestines. This is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment to avoid dangerous complications. I. Symptoms: 1. Functional symptoms: Abdominal pain: Usually cramping,…

ANATOMY: NERVOUS SYSTEM ANATOMY: NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. Structure and Function: a) Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain: Cerebrum: Cerebral Cortex: Consists of gray matter, the outermost layer of the brain. Function: controls conscious activities, thinking, language, memory, sensation, movement, etc. Cerebral Lobes: Frontal lobe: Controls behavior, voluntary movement, language, memory, etc. Parietal lobe: Receives tactile sensations,…

An Overview of Parasites An Overview of Parasites Parasites are organisms that live in or on another organism (host) for survival and reproduction, causing harm to the host. 1. Medical Parasitology Medical parasitology focuses on parasites that can cause diseases in humans. It investigates the intricate relationships between parasites and their hosts, aiming to develop…

Week 3 – Oral Lesions – Infections and Manifestations in the Oral Cavity Week 3 – Oral Lesions – Infections and Manifestations in the Oral Cavity 1. Causative Agent and Modes of Transmission of Syphilis: Causative agent: Treponema pallidum, a spirochete bacterium. Modes of Transmission: Active lesions: This is the primary route of transmission, occurring…

First Aid for Wounds: A Detailed Guide and Important Notes First Aid for Wounds: A Detailed Guide and Important Notes 1. Introduction A wound is a tissue injury that can cause bleeding, pain, and even life-threatening complications if not treated promptly and correctly. This article provides basic knowledge about different types of wounds, the healing…

The Four Gentlemen Decoction (Si Jun Zi Tang) – Nourishing Yang and Strengthening Qi The Four Gentlemen Decoction (Si Jun Zi Tang) – Nourishing Yang and Strengthening Qi 1. Introduction: The Four Gentlemen Decoction (Si Jun Zi Tang) is a renowned traditional Chinese medicine formula known for its ability to tonify Qi, dispel phlegm, strengthen…

Genetic Diseases: Classification and Mechanisms Genetic Diseases: Classification and Mechanisms 1. Concept: Genetic disease: A disease in which genetic factors (genes) play a significant role in its pathogenesis. Note: In many cases, genetic diseases arise from complex interactions between genetic factors and environmental factors. 2. Classification of Genetic Diseases: 2.1 Classification based on genetic factors:…

Genetics Fundamentals: Terminology – Analytical Methods – Approaches Genetics Fundamentals: Terminology – Analytical Methods – Approaches I. Terminology: 1. Polymorphism: Definition: The existence of two or more different genotypes in a population with a frequency of at least 1%. Characteristics: Corrects genetic information but does not have clear clinical consequences. Can be used as genetic…

Chromosomal Analysis Based on Morphology Chromosomal Analysis Based on Morphology Note: This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional diagnosis. Chromosome morphology can vary depending on the staining method, cell quality, and stage of cell division. For accurate conclusions, it is necessary to combine this analysis with…

Expanding Your Knowledge on Ecology Expanding Your Knowledge on Ecology 1. Individual Niche in Space >> Ecological Niche Ecological Niche: The ecological niche of a species represents its role and position in an ecosystem. It encompasses all the environmental factors that the species needs to survive and thrive, including resources, interactions with other species, and…