Upper Limb Joints Upper Limb Joints 1. Plane Joints Acromioclavicular Joint: The joint surface includes the acromial facet of the acromion, the clavicular facet of the lateral end of the clavicle, and the articular disc. Sternoclavicular Joint: The joint surface includes the sternal end of the clavicle, the clavicular notch of the sternum, and the…
Trigeminal Nerve Trigeminal Nerve Trigeminal Nerve The trigeminal nerve (CNV) is one of the twelve cranial nerves, responsible for sensation and movement in the face. Structure: Sensory root: Larger than the motor root, formed by cells in the trigeminal ganglion. It carries sensation from the face to the brain. Motor root: The motor nucleus lies…
Tuberculosis Treatment: Understanding the Mechanisms of Drug Action Tuberculosis Treatment: Understanding the Mechanisms of Drug Action Tuberculosis treatment requires a combination of various anti-tuberculosis drugs in a specific regimen. This is based on the different characteristics and locations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in varying drug resistance. Classification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Group A (Extracellular): Located in…
Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein 1. Transcription a. Definition: Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. b. Structure and function of RNA types: mRNA (messenger RNA): Function: Serves as a template for…
Treatment for Common Diseases Treatment for Common Diseases Treatment for Common Diseases Infectious Diseases Staphylococcus aureus: Kanamycin, Oxacillin, Gentamycin Group A Streptococcus: Penicillin, Ampicillin Pneumococcus: Penicillin, Cephalosporin Meningococcus: Rifampicin, Minocyclin (prophylaxis), Penicillin Cholera: Fluid and electrolyte replacement Antibiotics: Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin Do not use anti-diarrheal drugs or drugs that reduce intestinal motility Syphilis and leptospira: Penicillin…
Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Introduction: The body of a multicellular organism is composed of various specialized cells, forming tissues, which in turn assemble into organs and organ systems. Tissues…
Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology (TCM Pathology) is a branch of science that studies diseases from the perspective of TCM. It is divided into two major groups: Exogenous Diseases and Endogenous Diseases (or Miscellaneous Diseases). Classification is based on: Fundamental theories: TCM relies on…
The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin Humans are naturally drawn to beauty, and a dazzling smile is key to becoming more attractive in the eyes of others. To…
Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal analysis is an experimental science that studies the changes in the physical and chemical properties of a sample when subjected to heat. In other words, thermal analysis is the monitoring…
The Mandible: Structure and Function The Mandible: Structure and Function The mandible is the only bone in the skull that can move. It is shaped like a horseshoe and articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. Key Features of the Mandible: Mental Foramen: Located on the oblique line of the mandible, it houses…