Urine Tests Urine Tests Urine Tests 1. Urological Tests: Urine Tests: Includes: Urinalysis: Evaluates color, clarity, odor, specific gravity, pH, levels of protein, glucose, ketone, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells, white blood cells, casts, crystals, yeast, bacteria… Urine Sediment Examination: Analyzes sediment to find red blood cells, white blood cells, casts, crystals, yeast, bacteria… Quantitative…
Trigeminal Nerve Trigeminal Nerve Trigeminal Nerve The trigeminal nerve (CNV) is one of the twelve cranial nerves, responsible for sensation and movement in the face. Structure: Sensory root: Larger than the motor root, formed by cells in the trigeminal ganglion. It carries sensation from the face to the brain. Motor root: The motor nucleus lies…
Tuberculosis Treatment: Understanding the Mechanisms of Drug Action Tuberculosis Treatment: Understanding the Mechanisms of Drug Action Tuberculosis treatment requires a combination of various anti-tuberculosis drugs in a specific regimen. This is based on the different characteristics and locations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in varying drug resistance. Classification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Group A (Extracellular): Located in…
Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein Transcription and Translation – From Gene to Protein 1. Transcription a. Definition: Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. b. Structure and function of RNA types: mRNA (messenger RNA): Function: Serves as a template for…
Treatment for Common Diseases Treatment for Common Diseases Treatment for Common Diseases Infectious Diseases Staphylococcus aureus: Kanamycin, Oxacillin, Gentamycin Group A Streptococcus: Penicillin, Ampicillin Pneumococcus: Penicillin, Cephalosporin Meningococcus: Rifampicin, Minocyclin (prophylaxis), Penicillin Cholera: Fluid and electrolyte replacement Antibiotics: Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin Do not use anti-diarrheal drugs or drugs that reduce intestinal motility Syphilis and leptospira: Penicillin…
Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Tissues: The Foundation of Structure and Function in the Body Introduction: The body of a multicellular organism is composed of various specialized cells, forming tissues, which in turn assemble into organs and organ systems. Tissues…
Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathology (TCM Pathology) is a branch of science that studies diseases from the perspective of TCM. It is divided into two major groups: Exogenous Diseases and Endogenous Diseases (or Miscellaneous Diseases). Classification is based on: Fundamental theories: TCM relies on…
The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin The Standards of a Beautiful Smile: Secrets to a Radiant Grin Humans are naturally drawn to beauty, and a dazzling smile is key to becoming more attractive in the eyes of others. To…
Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal Analysis: Exploring Material Transformations Under Thermal Stress Thermal analysis is an experimental science that studies the changes in the physical and chemical properties of a sample when subjected to heat. In other words, thermal analysis is the monitoring…
The Neural Tube: From Neural Plate to Brain The Neural Tube: From Neural Plate to Brain The Neural Tube: From Neural Plate to Brain The formation of the nervous system occurs very early in embryonic development. Week 3: Day 18: The neural plate appears. End of week: The neural tube is formed from the neural…