Genetics: From basics to common diseases Genetics: From basics to common diseases Genetics: From basics to common diseases # Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Characteristics: Pedigree chart is vertical Equal incidence in males and females Usually seen in heterozygous genotype Common diseases: Achondroplasia: Caused by mutation on chromosome 4 Manifestations: dwarfism, short limbs, large head, flat nose,…

Grade 8 Biology Review: Multiple Choice End of Semester II Exam Grade 8 Biology Review: Multiple Choice End of Semester II Exam Grade 8 Biology Review: Multiple Choice End of Semester II Exam Question 1: In humans, which part is located between the brainstem and the cerebrum? a. Spinal cord b. Nerve ganglion c. Diencephalon…

Ovarian Cyst Quiz Ovarian Cyst Quiz Ovarian Cyst Quiz Question 1: The most common obstetrical complication of a solid ovarian tumor is: A. Placenta previa. B. Miscarriage. C. Premature birth. D. Fetal growth restriction. Answer: A Explanation: Placenta previa: The placenta is implanted low in the uterus, covering the cervix (the opening to the uterus).…

Mechanism of Action of Antihypertensive Drugs on Cardiac Output Mechanism of Action of Antihypertensive Drugs on Cardiac Output Mechanism of Action of Antihypertensive Drugs on Cardiac Output This article will discuss the mechanisms of action of antihypertensive drugs on cardiac output, focusing on the main drug groups: diuretics, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) modulators, calcium channel blockers,…

Anatomy of the Digestive System Anatomy of the Digestive System Anatomy of the Digestive System Appendix: Has a peritoneal fold. Supplied by a branch of the superior mesenteric artery: superior right colic artery, right colic angle artery, ileocolic artery. Visceral Peritoneum: Adheres tightly to the organs. Splenic Puncture: The 9th intercostal space is the best…

Spring Day Vocabulary Spring Day Vocabulary Spring Day Vocabulary The beautiful and radiant light of spring day is called thiều quang. This is the ideal time for thanh minh – visiting the graves of loved ones. Everywhere is bustling and lively, dịp with each footstep, dập dìu back and forth in large numbers. The sound…

Genetics Applications in Medicine and Agriculture Genetics Applications in Medicine and Agriculture Genetics Applications in Medicine and Agriculture Genetics is the branch of science that studies genes, heredity, and variation. The application of genetics in the fields of medicine and agriculture has brought about tremendous achievements, contributing to improving human health and increasing production efficiency.…

Biology: Genetic Variation and Breeding Biology: Genetic Variation and Breeding Biology: Genetic Variation and Breeding # Gene (DNA) Definition: A gene is a segment of a DNA molecule that carries the coding information for a specific product (polypeptide chain or DNA molecule). Structure: The basic building block of DNA is a nucleotide. There are four…

Antibiotics and Side Effects Antibiotics and Side Effects Antibiotics and Side Effects Oral Antibiotics Penicillin: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin Cephalosporin: Cephalexin, Loracarbef, Cefixime, Cefpodoxim Antibiotic Toxicity Aminoglycosides: Toxic to the kidneys, neuromuscular transmission, and hearing. Streptomycin: Characteristic reaction is the formation of mantol. Guanidine Group: Forms a-naphtol and NaBrO/OH- at red naphtoquinoimin. Tetracycline: Forms complex with Ca…

Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Symptoms to Treatment Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Symptoms to Treatment Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Symptoms to Treatment Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints, leading to damage of cartilage and bone. The disease typically affects multiple joints, especially the small joints in the hands and feet. Causes…