Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction 1. Clinical Signs: No meconium passage, abdominal distension Bloody stools Vomiting Respiratory distress 2. Physiological Characteristics of the Neonatal Gastrointestinal Tract: Meconium should be passed within 6 hours of birth. Meconium is formed by ingested milk and bile. Meconium is dark green in color. If meconium…
Anatomy of the Mouth Anatomy of the Mouth Anatomy of the Mouth The mouth is the first organ of the digestive system, playing a crucial role in chewing, swallowing, speech, and taste perception. The structure of the mouth includes: 1. Vestibule of the mouth: Boundaries: Anterior to the dental arches, external to the upper and…
Heredity and Variation: Basic Concepts Heredity and Variation: Basic Concepts Heredity and Variation: Basic Concepts Heredity is the phenomenon of passing on traits from parents and ancestors to their offspring. This explains why children often share similar characteristics with their parents. Variation is the phenomenon of offspring being different from their parents and varying in…
Reaction of Alkaloids with Reagents Reaction of Alkaloids with Reagents Reaction of Alkaloids with Reagents # I. General Reagents 1. Concept: General reagents for alkaloids are complex organic compounds with large molecular weights and are often acidic. They are divided into two groups: Reagents that form amorphous precipitates: form fluffy precipitates, with no definite shape.…
Histamine and Antihistamines Histamine and Antihistamines Histamine and Antihistamines 1. What is Histamine? Histamine is a chemical (amine) released by the body as a response to inflammatory reactions, allergies, digestive stimulation, and nerve signal transmission. 2. Histamine Formation Process Histamine is produced from histidine through the decarboxylation process. 3. Histamine Storage in the Body Mast…
Chronic Kidney Disease: Understanding the Disease and Mechanism Chronic Kidney Disease: Understanding the Disease and Mechanism Chronic kidney disease is a complex condition that results from chronic damage to the kidneys, urinary tract, and other organs. The disease causes a gradual decline in the number of functioning nephrons, leading to a decrease in glomerular filtration…
Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz This article will focus on the anatomical and physiological changes in women during pregnancy through a series of quiz questions. 1. Uterus: Question 168: In what week of…
Hemorrhoids: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions from Traditional Chinese Medicine Hemorrhoids: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions from Traditional Chinese Medicine Hemorrhoids are a common condition that can be quite bothersome for sufferers. Here are some of the manifestations of hemorrhoids and how they are treated from a Traditional Chinese Medicine perspective: 1. Stage 1 Hemorrhoids: Symptoms: Bleeding…
Toxicologic Internship: Overview of Analytical Methods Toxicologic Internship: Overview of Analytical Methods Toxicologic Internship: Overview of Analytical Methods This article summarizes knowledge about toxicologic analytical methods, focusing on qualitative and quantitative methods for commonly encountered toxins in poisoning cases. 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Phenol: Form of Bromine used in the quantitative determination of…
Strychnine Extract Strychnine Extract Ingredients: Strychnine liquid extract Extraction Method: Dissolving the extract in alcohol Solvent used: Ethanol 70o Origin of Strychnine liquid extract: Extracted from strychnine seeds using ethanol 70o, with fat removed. Strychnine content in the extract: 1.425-1.575% Features: Fat-free, allowing for easy incorporation into various prescriptions without precipitation, and easy storage. Clear…