Chapter XI: Legal Grounds for Causing Damage Chapter XI: Legal Grounds for Causing Damage I. Concept Legal grounds for causing damage are grounds provided by law that allow the infliction of damage without being considered a crime. These grounds eliminate the social danger of the crime from the act of causing damage. II. Legitimate Self-Defense…
Skin and its Appendages Skin and its Appendages Skin is the largest organ of the body, accounting for approximately 16% of body weight. It is composed of three layers from the outside in: Epidermis: The outermost layer, formed from the ectoderm. The thickness of the epidermis ranges from 0.07-2.5mm. Dermis: Located beneath the epidermis, formed…
Myasthenia Gravis: An Autoimmune Disease Affecting Neuromuscular Transmission Myasthenia Gravis: An Autoimmune Disease Affecting Neuromuscular Transmission Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease that affects neuromuscular transmission, causing localized or generalized muscle weakness. It occurs when the immune system attacks acetylcholine receptors at the post-synaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction, resulting in impaired neuromuscular transmission.…
Miscarriage – A Matter of Concern Miscarriage – A Matter of Concern Miscarriage is a heartbreaking event that occurs when a pregnancy ends before 20 weeks gestation or the baby weighs less than 500g. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), miscarriage is one of the most common reproductive health problems, affecting many women worldwide.…
Acute Myelitis: Overview of the Disease and Treatment Acute Myelitis: Overview of the Disease and Treatment Acute myelitis is a serious medical condition involving acute damage to the spinal cord. It can affect the gray matter, white matter, the entire segment of the spinal cord, or several adjacent segments. Types of acute myelitis: Gray matter…
Chapter 3: Liver Chapter 3: Liver 1. Liver Fixation: Means of fixation: Falciform ligament (inferior to liver) Venous ligament Hepatic-diaphragmatic ligament, coronary, triangular p-t, falciform, round Lesser omentum 2. Morphology: Visceral surface: Has 3 grooves forming a H-shape: Right vertical groove: Gallbladder fossa and inferior vena cava groove Left vertical groove: Round ligament notch and…
**Pills for Calming the Liver, Relieving Wind, Soothing the Mind, and Opening the Orifices** **Pills for Calming the Liver, Relieving Wind, Soothing the Mind, and Opening the Orifices** General Effects: Calms the mind, harmonizes the liver, calms the yang, regulates the meridians. Functions: Treats high fever, convulsions, stroke-induced unconsciousness, delirium, depression, restlessness, dizziness, tinnitus. Categorization:…
Chapter 10: DNA Extraction Chapter 10: DNA Extraction Chapter 10: DNA Extraction # 1. Introduction DNA extraction is the process of isolating DNA from cells or tissues, removing unwanted components to obtain pure DNA. The process involves the following main steps: # 2. Steps in DNA Extraction 2.1. Removing the nuclear membrane and cell membrane…
Muscle Physiology: Exploring the World of Body Movement Muscle Physiology: Exploring the World of Body Movement Muscle Physiology: Exploring the World of Body Movement Muscles are essential components that allow the body to move, maintain posture, and perform numerous other functions. To better understand muscles, we need to classify them based on various criteria. Muscle…
The Metabolic Function of the Kidneys The Metabolic Function of the Kidneys The kidneys, besides their primary role in blood filtration and waste excretion, also participate in crucial metabolic processes within the body. Carbohydrate Metabolism: The kidneys primarily carry out carbohydrate metabolism through the glycolytic pathway. Lipid Metabolism: Leucithin undergoes dephosphorylation by glycerolphosphate. Ketonic substances…