Thorax & Abdomen – An Anatomical Overview


Thorax & Abdomen – An Anatomical Overview

Thorax & Abdomen – An Anatomical Overview

1. Muscles of the Thorax and Abdomen

  • Origin:
  • Latissimus Dorsi: Spinous processes of T6-L5 vertebrae, iliac crest (posterior 1/3), last four ribs.
  • External Oblique: Motor nerve innervating the external oblique (specific details unavailable).
  • Inguinal Canal:
  • Structures passing through the inguinal canal, from anterior to posterior: the ilioinguinal nerve, the spermatic cord in males or the round ligament in females, the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
  • Lateral Arcuate Ligament: This ligament connects to the quadratus lumborum muscle.
  • Diaphragmatic Openings:
  • Foramen Vena Cava: Located at the central tendon of the diaphragm, at the level of the T8-T9 intervertebral disc, allowing the inferior vena cava to pass through.
  • Esophageal Hiatus: Located in the muscular part of the diaphragm, at the level of T10, allowing the esophagus, vagus nerve (left anterior, right posterior), branches connecting the superior and inferior phrenic arteries, and the connection between the portal vein and the vena cava to pass through.
  • Aortic Hiatus: Located anterior to the vertebral column, at the level of T12, allowing the aorta, the thoracic duct posteriorly, to pass through.
  • Internal Hiatus: Contains the greater and lesser splanchnic nerves.
  • External Hiatus: Contains the sympathetic chain, azygos vein, and hemiazygos vein.
  • Costomediastinal Recess: Contains the superior mediastinal vessels.
  • Where does the portal vein drain into? The portal vein drains into the inferior vena cava.
  • Which vertebrae do the cardiac and pyloric regions correspond to? The cardiac and pyloric regions correspond to the T10-L1 vertebrae.

Note: The motor nerve innervating the external oblique muscle has not been provided. You may refer to anatomy textbooks for further details.



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