Simple Present Tense

1. Usage:

The simple present tense is used to express actions or states that:

• Occur regularly or repeatedly:

• Example: *I go to school every day.*

• Example: *She drinks coffee every morning.*

• Are general truths or facts:

• Example: *The sun rises in the east.*

• Example: *Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.*

• Describe habits, preferences, or routines:

• Example: *He loves to play football.*

• Example: *They enjoy listening to music.*

• Express a fixed schedule or plan:

• Example: *The train leaves at 8:00 AM.*

• Example: *The movie starts at 7:00 PM.*

2. Verb “To Be” Structure:

• Affirmative: S + am/is/are + O

• Negative: S + am/is/are + not + O

• Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + S + O?

“To Be” Verb Chart:

Pronoun	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I	am	am not	Am I
You/We/They	are	are not	Are you/we/they
He/She/It	is	is not	Is he/she/it

Examples:

• Affirmative: *I am a student.*

• Negative: *She is not at home.*

• Interrogative: *Are you hungry?*

3. Regular Verb Structure:

• Affirmative: S + V/V(s/es) + O

• Negative: S + do/does + not + V + O

• Interrogative: Do/Does + S + V + O?

Regular Verb Chart:

Pronoun	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I/You/We/They	V	do not + V	Do you/we/they + V
He/She/It	V(s/es)	does not + V	Does he/she/it + V

Notes:

• Regular verbs in the third person singular (he, she, it) require adding “s” or “es” to the verb.

• “Do” and “does” are used to form negative and interrogative sentences.

Examples:

• Affirmative: *He plays basketball every weekend.*

• Negative: *They do not watch TV after dinner.*

• Interrogative: *Does she like to eat pizza?*

4. Third Person Singular Verb Changes:

• Ending in “o, s, ch, x, sh, z”: Add “es” to the end of the verb.

• Example: *He washes his hands before eating.*

• Example: *She fixes her bike every week.*

• Ending in “y” preceded by a consonant: Change “y” to “i” and add “es”.

• Example: *He studies English every day.*

• Example: *She cries when she is sad.*

• Ending in “y” preceded by a vowel: Add “s” to the end of the verb.

• Example: *He plays the guitar very well.*

• Example: *She enjoys playing badminton.*

• Other regular verbs: Add “s” to the end of the verb.

• Example: *He likes to eat ice cream.*

• Example: *She reads books every night.*

Notes:

• When a verb ends in “y” preceded by a consonant, change the “y” to “i” and add “es”, except for verbs like *say, stay, lay*.

• When a verb ends in “ie”, remove “ie” and add “ing” to the verb.

5. General Notes:

• The simple present tense is often used with adverbs of frequency such as: always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never.

• In interrogative sentences, “do” or “does” always comes before the subject.

• When an affirmative sentence includes “do” or “does,” the negative sentence will not include “do” or “does.”

Examples:

• Affirmative: *I do my homework every day.*

• Negative: *I don’t do my homework every day.*

• Interrogative: *Do you do your homework every day?*

6. Using “Have/Has”:

• Have: Used for the pronouns “I, you, we, they.”

• Has: Used for the pronoun “he, she, it.”

• Structure: S + have/has + N/V3 + O

Examples:

• Affirmative: *I have a car.*

• Negative: *She has not finished her work yet.*

• Interrogative: *Do you have any siblings?*

7. Simple Present Tense Examples:

• The sun rises in the east.

• She goes to school by bus.

• He plays the piano very well.

• I live in a small town.

• Do you like to eat ice cream?

• She does not like to watch horror movies.

This information will help you understand the simple present tense in more detail.