Quick Knowledge Summary of Medical Conditions

Quick Knowledge Summary of Medical Conditions

1. Spleen and Lymph Nodes:

• Spleen:

• Tests: Blood tests and tissue biopsy.

• Lymph Nodes:

• Tests: Observation of cell morphology.

2. Acute Pulmonary Edema:

• Symptoms:

• Dyspnea (shortness of breath) in two stages

• Coughing up pink frothy sputum

3. Acute Glomerulonephritis:

• Duration: A few weeks to less than 3 months.

4. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:

• Cause: Compression of the median nerve in the wrist.

5. Osteoarthritis:

• Physical therapy duration: 30 minutes – 1 hour.

6. Cozen’s Test:

• Diagnosis: Lateral epicondylitis (inflammation of the tendons attached to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus).

7. Major Blood Vessel Complications of Diabetes:

• Affected Areas: Cardiovascular system, brain, kidney (rare), upper/lower limbs.

8. Heart Sounds in Systole:

• Types of heart sounds: Click-ejection, click-VHL, rapid-fire cannon.

9. Heart Sounds in Diastole:

• Types of heart sounds: S3, gallop, click-VHL.

10. Edema due to the Use of Antihypertensive Medications:

• Drugs causing edema: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs – …dipin).

11. Complications of Aortic Dissection Except:

• Excluded complication: Difficulty breathing.

12. Loss of Heat/Pain Sensation Affecting:

• Affected area: Posterior horn of the spinal cord.

13. Charles-Bell’s Sign:

• Manifestation: Inability to close the eye, eyeball pulled upwards…

• Nerve affected: Facial nerve (VII).

14. Evaluation of Cerebellar Gait:

• Examination: Finger-to-nose test.

15. Barré and Mingazzini Tests:

• Barré: Examines both upper and lower limbs. The side with paralysis falls first. However, it only checks the muscle strength of the upper limb.

• Mingazzini: Examines the lower limb. It differs from Barré in that the leg is bent.

16. Heberden’s Nodes:

• Location: Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP joint).

17. Suspected Liver Tremor:

• Condition: Liver abscess.

18. Low Iron, Normal or Increased Ferritin:

• Cause: Infection.

19. Edema Often Associated With:

• Manifestation: Weight gain.

20. Risk Factors for Chronic Airway Obstruction:

• Conditions: Asthma, COPD, tuberculosis…

• Excluded condition: Bronchitis.

21. Most Accurate Expression of Lumbar Spine Range of Motion:

• Test: Schober.

22. Common Bacterial Complications of Diabetes:

• Conditions: Pulmonary tuberculosis, skin infections, urinary tract infections.

• Excluded condition: Meningitis.

23. Characteristics of Edema Due to Vitamin B1 Deficiency:

• Manifestation: Accompanied by peripheral edema of the lower limbs.

24. Characteristics of Enlarged Liver in Right Heart Failure:

• Characteristics: Blunt edge, tender to palpation.

25. Characteristics of Enlarged Liver in Liver Abscess:

• Characteristics: Blunt edge, soft consistency, sharply tender to palpation.

26. Thalassemia:

• Characteristic: Small platelets.

27. Cell and Fluid Tests:

• Cells: T test.

• Fluid: B test.

28. Mouth sores, Difficulty Swallowing, Spoon-shaped Nails:

• Condition: Iron deficiency anemia.

29. Nephrotic Syndrome with Edema:

• Cause: Leakage.

30. Kernig’s Test:

• Positive angle: 40 degrees.

31. Increased Bilirubin:

• Increased unconjugated bilirubin: Gilbert’s disease, Crigler-Najjar syndrome.

• Increased conjugated bilirubin: Cholestasis, post-hepatic such as due to rifampicin use, common bile duct stones, Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

32. Complications of Diabetes – Oral Except:

• Excluded complication: Tooth decay.

33. Claude Bernard Horner Syndrome:

• Manifestation: Ptosis (drooping eyelid), enophthalmos (retraction of the eyeball), miosis (constriction of the pupil).

• Cause: Cervical sympathetic nervous system disorder.

34. Biermer’s Disease:

• Condition: Megaloblastic anemia.

35. Hemoglobin Levels in Young Women Not in the Childbearing Period:

• Value: Below 120 g/l.

36. Splenic Index:

• Dimensions: 6-7/9-(10)-11-12/15.

• 9: Anterior pole

• 11: Posterior pole

• 12: Length

• 120-150: Weight

• 6-7: Width

37. Zieh-Neelsen a.k.a AFB:

• Examination: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Bacillus…).

38. Fever Temperature:

• Mouth: 37.8 degrees Celsius.

• Rectal: 38.2 degrees Celsius.

This information should not be considered medical advice. Please consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.