Ovarian Cyst Quiz – Detailed Explanations and Additional Information

Note:

These quiz questions are for reference purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice from a doctor.

Multiple answers may be correct for each question, depending on the context and the content of the lesson.

Always consult a healthcare professional for accurate advice regarding your health.

Detailed Explanations:

2330. The most common obstetric complication of a solid ovarian tumor is:

A. Ovarian tumor previa.

Explanation:

Ovarian tumor previa is the most common complication of a solid ovarian tumor because a large tumor can compress the uterus and obstruct the passage of the fetus during labor.

Other complications such as miscarriage, premature birth, and fetal growth restriction can also occur, but they are less common.

2331. What type of ovarian tumor has the highest rate of malignancy?

B. Serous cystadenocarcinoma.

Explanation:

Serous cystadenocarcinoma has the highest malignancy rate among all ovarian tumors.

Other types of ovarian tumors, such as mucinous cystadenoma, Brenner tumor, and luteal cyst, have lower malignancy rates.

2332. In a pregnancy complicated by an ovarian tumor, when is torsion of the tumor most likely to occur?

C. The last trimester of pregnancy.

Explanation:

Ovarian torsion is a dangerous complication of ovarian tumors, often occurring when the tumor is large and has a long pedicle.

During the last trimester of pregnancy, the uterus enlarges and moves upwards, pulling the ovarian tumor with it and making torsion more likely.

2333. Regarding corpus luteum cysts of the ovary, choose the correct statement:

A. They are classified as a benign tumor.

Explanation:

A corpus luteum is a normal structure of the ovary that forms after ovulation. It is not a tumor and will naturally disappear after a few menstrual cycles.

2334. All of the following statements about functional ovarian cysts are true EXCEPT:

A. They can be either cystic or solid.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts are typically cystic, not solid.

The remaining statements are all true about the characteristics of functional ovarian cysts.

2335. Ovarian tumors need to be differentiated from:

C. Subserosal fibroids of the uterus with a pedicle.

Explanation:

Subserosal fibroids of the uterus with a pedicle can be mistaken for ovarian tumors because they are also pedunculated tumors located in the pelvic area.

The other options are not conditions that can be confused with ovarian tumors.

2336. Choose the correct statement about ovarian cysts:

B. Dermoid cysts are the most prone to torsion.

Explanation:

Dermoid cysts often have long pedicles and are more likely to twist than other types of cysts.

2337. The specific sign of ovarian cyst torsion is:

D. Sudden, intense lower abdominal pain.

Explanation:

Sudden, intense lower abdominal pain is a characteristic symptom of ovarian cyst torsion, caused by blood vessel blockage.

2338. Which of the following symptoms is not related to ovarian cysts?

D. Amenorrhea.

Explanation:

Amenorrhea is typically caused by other factors such as ovarian insufficiency, menopause, or hormonal issues.

Ovarian cysts can cause menstrual irregularities, but they are not the main cause of amenorrhea.

2339. What is the prevalence of ovarian cysts in women of reproductive age and after menopause?

A. Around 20% of women of reproductive age and 5% after menopause.

Explanation:

Ovarian cysts are very common in women of reproductive age, affecting about 20%.

This rate drops to 5% in women after menopause.

2340. What is the rate of ovarian cancer arising from solid ovarian tumors?

B. 5% of solid tumors diagnosed before menopause and 15% occurring after menopause.

Explanation:

The rate of malignant transformation from solid ovarian tumors is lower than for other types of ovarian tumors.

The rate increases in women after menopause.

2341. How long and at what rate do functional ovarian cysts disappear?

B. 70% within 6 weeks, 90% within 3 months.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts usually resolve spontaneously after a few menstrual cycles.

Around 70% of functional cysts disappear within 6 weeks, and 90% within 3 months.

2342. Functional ovarian cysts have the following symptoms EXCEPT:

A. Physical damage to the ovary.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts do not cause physical damage to the ovary. They are just a normal structure of the ovary that will resolve on its own.

2343. Solid ovarian tumors can:

D. Exist for a long time and do not resolve spontaneously.

Explanation:

Solid ovarian tumors are real tumors that may persist and do not disappear on their own. They require surgical treatment.

2344. Choose the correct statement about ovarian cysts:

B. Dermoid cysts are the most prone to torsion.

Explanation:

Dermoid cysts often have long pedicles and are more likely to twist than other types of cysts.

2345. Ovarian tumors causing menstrual irregularities are usually due to:

D. Endocrine tumors.

Explanation:

Endocrine tumors of the ovary can secrete hormones that cause menstrual irregularities.

Other types of cysts such as water cysts, mucinous cysts, and dermoid cysts usually do not cause menstrual irregularities.

2346. Tests commonly used to diagnose ovarian tumors, EXCEPT:

C. Biopsy.

Explanation:

Biopsy is a procedure used to confirm the diagnosis of an ovarian tumor, but it is usually performed after ultrasound or other tests suggest a tumor.

Commonly used tests for diagnosing ovarian tumors are ultrasound, hysterosalpingography with contrast medium, and plain abdominal X-ray.

2347. Plain abdominal X-rays can detect:

C. Dermoid cysts.

Explanation:

Plain abdominal X-rays can detect dermoid cysts because they contain calcium.

Other types of cysts, such as water cysts and mucinous cysts, do not have calcium and cannot be detected by plain abdominal X-rays.

2348. The prevalence of mucinous ovarian cysts is:

A. About 60%.

Explanation:

Mucinous cysts are the most common type of ovarian cysts, accounting for approximately 60% of all ovarian cysts.

2349. During pregnancy, ovarian cysts can cause the following symptoms EXCEPT:

D. Premature rupture of membranes.

Explanation:

Premature rupture of membranes is usually caused by other factors such as infection, polyhydramnios, or preeclampsia.

Ovarian cysts can cause other complications during pregnancy, such as fetal growth restriction, abnormal presentation, and placenta previa.

2350. To identify ovarian cysts, healthcare providers should advise patients:

B. Regular gynecological checkups.

Explanation:

Regular gynecological checkups help detect early signs of reproductive health problems, including ovarian cysts.

2351. A patient in the third month of pregnancy is diagnosed with ovarian cyst torsion. The appropriate management is:

C. Prepare for emergency surgery.

Explanation:

Ovarian cyst torsion is a dangerous complication that requires immediate surgical intervention.

Surgery helps address the torsion, preserve the ovary, or remove the tumor depending on the condition.

2352. A patient is diagnosed with a solid ovarian tumor. The doctor advises the patient as follows:

D. Explain that early surgery is recommended.

Explanation:

Solid ovarian tumors are real tumors that can lead to complications such as torsion, rupture, or malignant transformation.

Early surgery helps remove the tumor and reduce the risk of complications.

2353. Ovarian cysts are common in:

B. Reproductive age.

Explanation:

Ovarian cysts are prevalent in women of reproductive age due to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle.

2354. A 28-year-old patient with a 5-year-old child is diagnosed with a solid ovarian tumor measuring 8 x 7 cm. The correct management is:

C. Admission to the hospital for comprehensive tests and surgery scheduling.

Explanation:

Solid ovarian tumors require surgical treatment.

The patient should be admitted to the hospital for thorough tests and surgery scheduling to assess their health condition and determine the most appropriate surgical approach.

2355. The type of luteal cyst often found in patients with hydatidiform mole is:

C. Lutein cyst.

Explanation:

Lutein cysts are a type of ovarian cyst that appears in pregnant women, particularly those with hydatidiform mole.

2356. The most common complication of solid ovarian cysts is:

D. Ovarian cyst torsion.

Explanation:

Ovarian cyst torsion is the most common complication of solid ovarian cysts, caused by the long pedicle of the cyst and its tendency to twist.

2357. The characteristic feature of functional cysts is:

B. No physical damage to the ovary.

Explanation:

Functional cysts are normal ovarian structures, not actual tumors.

2358. The type of luteal cyst commonly found in women:

B. With multiple pregnancies.

Explanation:

Lutein cysts are often seen in pregnant women, especially those with multiple pregnancies.

2359. All of the following statements about the characteristics of solid ovarian cysts are true EXCEPT:

B. Rapid progression.

Explanation:

Solid ovarian cysts usually progress slowly, not rapidly.

2360. The component NOT present in the dermoid cyst of the ovary is:

D. Sweat gland.

Explanation:

Dermoid cysts typically contain hair, teeth, sebaceous tissue, but no sweat glands.

2361. Characteristics of functional symptoms of small ovarian cysts are:

C. Poor symptoms.

Explanation:

Small ovarian cysts often do not cause noticeable symptoms.

As the cyst grows, it can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, dyspnea, and dysuria.

2362. Which clinical examination is most valuable in diagnosing ovarian cysts?

C. Vaginal examination and abdominal palpation.

Explanation:

A gynecological exam involving abdominal palpation and vaginal examination helps determine the location, size, and nature of the ovarian cyst.

2363. Which paraclinical examination is most valuable in diagnosing ovarian cysts?

C. Ultrasound.

Explanation:

Ultrasound is the most accurate paraclinical method for diagnosing ovarian cysts. It helps determine the size, structure, location, and nature of the cyst.

2364. Functional ovarian cysts have the following symptoms EXCEPT:

A. Physical damage to the ovary.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts do not cause physical damage to the ovary. They are just a normal structure of the ovary that will resolve on its own.

2365. Right ovarian cysts can be confused with:

A. Appendiceal abscess.

Explanation:

An appendiceal abscess is a tumor that can cause abdominal pain and may be confused with an ovarian cyst.

2366. The effects of ovarian cysts on pregnancy include EXCEPT:

C. Premature placental abruption.

Explanation:

Premature placental abruption is usually caused by other factors such as preeclampsia, infection, or placental abnormalities.

Ovarian cysts can cause other complications during pregnancy, such as infertility, placenta previa, and miscarriage.

2367. Ovarian cysts need to be differentiated from, EXCEPT:

D. Multiple gestation, polyhydramnios.

Explanation:

Multiple gestation and polyhydramnios are normal pregnancy conditions, not conditions that can be confused with ovarian cysts.

2368. All of the following factors suggest the possibility of ovarian cancer EXCEPT:

A. Bilateral tumors.

Explanation:

Bilateral ovarian tumors do not necessarily indicate malignancy.

Other factors such as tumors appearing after menopause, tumors with multiple papillary projections inside or outside the cyst wall, and tumors larger than 20 cm are suggestive of malignancy.

2369. Which of the following characteristics is NOT a feature of functional ovarian cysts?

C. Thick wall.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts usually have thin walls and contain clear fluid.

Solid ovarian tumors typically have thicker walls and contain mixed fluid.

2370. Which of the following types of ovarian cysts is NOT considered a functional cyst?

D. Endometrioma.

Explanation:

Endometrioma is a type of solid tumor, not a functional cyst.

Common types of functional cysts include follicular cysts, corpus luteum cysts, and lutein cysts.

2371. Differentiating a large ovarian cyst extending into the abdomen is incorrect with which of the following conditions?

D. Unruptured ectopic pregnancy.

Explanation:

Unruptured ectopic pregnancies are usually small and do not extend into the abdomen.

Other conditions such as a pregnant uterus over 2 months, ascites, and mesenteric tumor can cause abdominal distension.

2372. If a small ovarian cyst is located in the pelvis, it does not need to be differentiated from which of the following conditions?

B. Properly located kidney with hydronephrosis.

Explanation:

A properly positioned kidney with hydronephrosis is usually located in the back and does not cause confusion with a small ovarian cyst.

Other conditions such as hydrosalpinx, unruptured ectopic pregnancy, and subperitoneal fibroids of the uterus can be mistaken for a small ovarian cyst.

2373. The most dangerous complication of an ovarian cyst in a pregnant patient is:

C. Malignant transformation.

Explanation:

Malignant transformation is the most dangerous complication of an ovarian cyst during pregnancy, potentially life-threatening for the mother.

Other complications such as torsion, rupture, and cyst compression in the pelvis are also dangerous but less severe than malignant transformation.

2374. In a pregnant patient with a functional ovarian cyst, the cyst usually disappears at what gestational age?

D. 18 weeks.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts typically disappear by the 18th week of pregnancy.

2375. The main risk of an ovarian cyst during pregnancy is:

C. Higher risk for the mother than for the child.

Explanation:

Ovarian cysts can cause dangerous complications for the mother, such as torsion, rupture, and malignant transformation.

Risks to the fetus are usually lower, but can still occur, such as fetal growth restriction, abnormal presentation, and preterm labor.

2376. The best anesthesia method for ovarian cyst surgery in a pregnant patient is:

C. General anesthesia.

Explanation:

General anesthesia is the best anesthesia method for ovarian cyst surgery in a pregnant patient because it provides better control over the mother’s and fetus’s conditions.

2377. Postoperative care and monitoring for a pregnant patient who underwent ovarian cyst removal is:

D. Follow standard procedures.

Explanation:

Postoperative care and monitoring for a pregnant patient who underwent ovarian cyst removal require following standard procedures, such as pain relief, anti-contraction medication, fetal heart monitoring, and reviewing pathology results for further action.

2378. The most common complication after ovarian cyst removal in a pregnant patient is:

A. Miscarriage and premature birth.

Explanation:

Miscarriage and premature birth are the most common complications after ovarian cyst removal in a pregnant patient because surgical intervention can affect fetal health.

2379. Ruptured ovarian cysts can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei in cases of:

B. Mucinous cysts.

Explanation:

Mucinous cysts contain thick, mucinous fluid that can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei upon rupture.

2380. Mark “X” in the boxes below if the statements are correct:

A. Functional ovarian cysts are permanent tumors. x

B. Follicular cysts are functional cysts. x

C. Dermoid cysts are functional cysts. x

D. Corpus luteum cyst is a functional cyst. x

E. Dermoid cysts are the most prone to torsion. x

F. Water cysts are the most prone to malignant transformation. x

G. Mucinous cysts are the largest cysts. x

H. Polycystic ovaries can lead to infertility. x

Answers:

A. F (Functional ovarian cysts typically resolve after a few menstrual cycles)

B. T

C. F (Dermoid cysts are solid tumors)

D. T

E. T

F. F (Water cysts can transform into cancer, but they are not the type of cyst most susceptible to malignancy)

G. T

H. T

2381. Dermoid ovarian cysts have the highest risk of becoming cancerous:

B. Incorrect.

Explanation:

Dermoid cysts have a low rate of malignant transformation, and they are not the type of cyst most likely to become cancerous.

2382. If a benign tumor is found in a young patient, it should be removed:

B. Incorrect.

Explanation:

Benign ovarian cysts in young patients often resolve spontaneously after a few menstrual cycles.

Removal is not necessary unless it causes symptoms or complications.

2383. When an ovarian cyst twists, the torsion should be untwisted before removal:

B. Incorrect.

Explanation:

An ovarian cyst with torsion should be removed immediately, and twisting should not be untwisted before removal because it can increase the risk of bleeding.

2384. Ovarian cysts can occur at any age:

A. Correct.

Explanation:

Ovarian cysts can appear at any age, but they are most common in women of reproductive age.

2385. A full bladder can be mistaken for an ovarian cyst:

A. Correct.

Explanation:

A full bladder can cause a feeling of pelvic fullness and may be mistaken for an ovarian cyst.

2386. Ovarian cyst torsion can have the following functional symptoms:

A. Intense pain in the lower abdomen Đ/S

B. Nausea and vomiting Đ/S

C. Frequent watery stools Đ/S

D. Fever and infection Đ/S

E. Abnormal vaginal bleeding Đ/S

Answers:

A. T

B. T

C. F (Frequent watery stools are usually related to gastrointestinal issues)

D. F (Fever and infection can indicate pelvic inflammatory disease or other conditions)

E. F (Abnormal vaginal bleeding is usually caused by other reasons like metrorrhagia, cervical ectropion, or uterine polyps)

2387. Which of the following tests is valuable in diagnosing ovarian cysts?

A. Hysterosalpingography with contrast medium Đ/S

B. Pelvic and lower abdominal ultrasound Đ/S

C. Urine test Đ/S

D. Blood test Đ/S

E. Laparoscopy Đ/S Đ/S

Answers:

A. T (Hysterosalpingography with contrast medium can help determine the location, shape, and size of the cyst)

B. T (Ultrasound is the most accurate method for diagnosing ovarian cysts)

C. F (Urine tests are not helpful in diagnosing ovarian cysts)

D. F (Blood tests can detect signs of inflammation or cancer, but they do not directly diagnose ovarian cysts)

E. T (Laparoscopy is a definitive diagnostic procedure, but it’s usually performed after ultrasound or other tests suggest a tumor)

2388. Solid ovarian cysts typically have the following functional symptoms:

A. Menorrhagia Đ/S

B. Metrorrhagia Đ/S

C. Palpable mass Đ/S

D. Heavy, mucopurulent vaginal discharge Đ/S

E. Accidental discovery during a gynecological exam Đ/S

Answers:

A. F (Menorrhagia is usually caused by menstrual irregularities)

B. F (Metrorrhagia is typically due to other reasons like uterine polyps, cervical ectropion)

C. T (Solid ovarian cysts are often large and can be palpated manually)

D. F (Heavy, mucopurulent vaginal discharge is usually indicative of infection)

E. T (Ovarian cysts are often discovered accidentally during gynecological checkups)

2389. The following statements about ovarian cysts are true or false:

A. Water cysts rarely adhere to surrounding organs Đ/S

B. Mixed cysts have multiple lobes Đ/S

C. Ovarian cysts often cause menstrual irregularities Đ/S

D. Functional cysts are only surgically removed if they are complicated Đ/S

Answers:

A. T

B. T

C. F (Ovarian cysts can cause menstrual irregularities, but they are not the primary cause)

D. T (Functional cysts typically resolve spontaneously after a few menstrual cycles, and surgery is only required if there are complications)

2390. Fill in the correct answers below: The common complication of a pedunculated ovarian cyst is ….(torsion)…. If the cyst is a dermoid cyst during pregnancy, it is prone to ……(torsion)……… If the cyst twists, it can lead to ….(rupture)…… If the ovarian cyst twists, it should be managed with …(ovarian-sparing surgery or cyst removal)….

Explanation:

A pedunculated ovarian cyst is prone to torsion due to uterine movement or physical activity.

During pregnancy, a dermoid cyst is more likely to twist as the uterus enlarges and moves upwards.

Torsion can cause blood vessel blockage and lead to cyst rupture.

If an ovarian cyst twists, it should be addressed surgically, either by preserving the ovary or removing the cyst.

2391. When a solid ovarian cyst is discovered in a pregnant woman at 2 months gestation, we should ….(monitor)…….. If there are signs of torsion, we should .(operate)….. and give ..(hormonal therapy)..

Explanation:

Solid ovarian cysts in pregnant women should be closely monitored.

If signs of torsion appear, immediate surgery is required to address the torsion.

Hormonal therapy can help stabilize hormones and control the cyst’s condition.

2392. Name 2 common types of functional ovarian cysts:

A. ……(Follicular cyst)

B. …..(Corpus luteum cyst)

Explanation:

A follicular cyst is a functional cyst that appears during the menstrual cycle and typically disappears after ovulation.

A corpus luteum cyst is a functional cyst that forms after ovulation and usually resolves after a few menstrual cycles.

2393. Name 3 types of luteal cysts:

A. …..(Follicular cyst)

B. …..(Lutein cyst)

C. ….(Corpus luteum cyst)

Explanation:

A follicular cyst is a functional cyst that appears during the menstrual cycle and typically disappears after ovulation.

A lutein cyst is a type of corpus luteum cyst often seen in pregnant women, particularly those with hydatidiform mole.

Corpus luteum cyst is a general term for any corpus luteum cyst, including follicular cysts and lutein cysts.

2394. List 3 of the most common types of solid ovarian cysts:

A. …..(Water cyst)

B. ……(Mucinous cyst)

C. ……(Dermoid cyst)

Explanation:

A water cyst is a solid cyst containing clear fluid and is usually small.

A mucinous cyst is a solid cyst filled with mucinous fluid and is often larger.

A dermoid cyst is a solid cyst containing hair, teeth, sebaceous tissue, and usually has a long pedicle, making it prone to torsion.

2395. List 4 common complications of ovarian cysts:

A. …..(Torsion)

B. …(Rupture)

C. ….(Internal bleeding in the cyst)

D. …(Malignant transformation)….

Explanation:

Torsion is the most common complication of ovarian cysts due to the long pedicle and the tendency to twist.

Rupture can occur when the cyst is injured or twisted.

Internal bleeding in the cyst can occur due to injury, torsion, or infection.

Malignant transformation is the most serious complication of ovarian cysts and can be life-threatening.

2396. Ovarian cysts are tumors with……………(thin walls)

Explanation:

Ovarian cysts typically have thin walls and contain clear fluid.

Solid ovarian tumors usually have thicker walls and contain mixed fluid.

2397. The interior of an ovarian cyst typically contains………..(simple fluid)………or a combination of fluids.

Explanation:

The interior of an ovarian cyst usually contains simple fluid, such as water or mucinous fluid.

Solid ovarian cysts can contain mixed fluid, including hair, teeth, and sebaceous tissue.

2398. Functional ovarian cysts are types of cysts without

…………..(surgical)………..damage.

Explanation:

Functional ovarian cysts are normal ovarian structures, not actual tumors.

They do not cause surgical damage to the ovary.

2399. The functional symptoms of ovarian cysts are usually. …………..(minor)…………

Explanation:

Small ovarian cysts often do not cause noticeable symptoms.

Functional symptoms of ovarian cysts are usually minor and only appear when the cyst grows or complications develop.

2400. A common complication of ovarian cysts is………………(torsion)………..

Explanation:

Torsion is the most common complication of ovarian cysts due to the long pedicle and the tendency to twist.

2401. During pregnancy, ovarian cysts can become. ……………………..(placenta previa).

Explanation:

During pregnancy, ovarian cysts can enlarge and press against the uterus, potentially leading to placenta previa.

Placenta previa can obstruct the fetus’s passage during labor, making delivery difficult.

2402. Based on the tumor’s characteristics, ovarian cysts are categorized into 2 types: functional cysts and (solid ovarian cysts)

Explanation:

Functional cysts are types of cysts that do not involve actual tumor growth in the ovary, and they usually resolve spontaneously after a few menstrual cycles.

Solid ovarian cysts are actual tumors that may persist and require surgical treatment.

2403. Based on the pathological characteristics, solid ovarian cysts are classified into 4 types:

A. Water cysts

B. ……………..(Mucinous cysts)

C. ………………(Dermoid cysts)

D. ………………(Mixed cysts)

Explanation:

Water cysts are solid cysts containing clear fluid and are usually small.

Mucinous cysts are solid cysts filled with mucinous fluid and are often larger.

Dermoid cysts are solid cysts containing hair, teeth, sebaceous tissue, and usually have a long pedicle, making them prone to torsion.

Mixed cysts are solid cysts containing various components, such as clear fluid, mucinous fluid, hair, teeth, and sebaceous tissue.

Ovarian Cyst Quiz – Detailed Explanations and Additional Information