Organic Chemistry: Basic Concepts

Organic chemistry is the branch of science that studies the structure, properties, and reactions of carbon-containing compounds. Here are some basic concepts in organic chemistry:

1. Starch:

• The main component of starch is amylopectin.

2. Boiling Point:

• Acids have the highest boiling point.

• Hydrocarbons (CxHy) have the lowest boiling point.

• Boiling point increases with molecular weight: compounds with larger molecular weights have higher boiling points.

• Boiling point of unsaturated compounds is higher than that of saturated compounds: For example, the boiling point of an alkene is higher than that of the corresponding alkane.

3. Special Organic Compounds:

• C6H7O2(ONO2)3 (cellulose trinitrate) is the main component of smokeless powder.

• Formic acid reacts with Cu(OH)2.

• Glucose (Glu) is oxidized by AgNO3 and reduced by H2.

• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use light energy to synthesize glucose from CO2 and H2O, releasing O2: CO2 + H2O -> C6H10O5 + O2.

• Methyl methacrylate decolorizes bromine solution.

• Silk contains ?-amino acid residues.

• Acetic acid reacts with Cu(OH)2 to form a blue precipitate.

• Cellulose has a linear structure.

Note:

• This article provides only some basic concepts of organic chemistry.

• For a deeper understanding, you should refer to more advanced organic chemistry materials.