Gastrointestinal Imaging Multiple Choice Questions

Note: This article provides general knowledge about gastrointestinal imaging. However, this information is not a substitute for medical advice. If you have any health concerns, please contact a medical professional for accurate diagnosis and advice.

Question 1: To enhance the contrast of the gastrointestinal tract, people often use:

A. Water-soluble contrast agents, subcutaneous contrast agents.

B. Barium sulfate, contrast agents containing iodine.

C. Oil-soluble contrast agents.

D. Gases such as O2, CO2.

E. Double contrast.

Explanation:

• Double contrast is using two different types of contrast agents: one water-soluble and one oil-soluble, to enhance contrast and clarity for the gastrointestinal tract images.

Question 2: The best imaging method for assessing the gastrointestinal system in general nowadays is:

A. Ultrasound

B. Computed tomography

C. Unprepared X-ray

D. Prepared X-ray

E. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Explanation:

• Computed tomography (CT) allows detailed images of organs in the abdomen, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas, kidneys, etc.

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides clearer images than CT of soft tissue structures and blood vessels, helping to more accurately diagnose certain gastrointestinal diseases.

Question 3: The stomach has increased tonicity when it has:

A. A narrowed shape

B. A J-shaped appearance

C. A bull’s horn shape

D. A stocking shape

E. A pelvic floor shape

Explanation:

• The stomach has increased tonicity when it has a bull’s horn shape.

Question 4: The gastric mucosa:

A. Changes according to peristalsis.

B. Changes according to the patient’s constitution.

C. It is rough on the lesser curvature and smoother on the greater curvature.

D. It varies according to the region of the stomach.

E. It does not change with tonicity.

Explanation:

• The gastric mucosa has different structures in different areas:

• Stomach body: The mucosa is thin and smooth

• Gastric antrum: The mucosa is thicker and has more folds

• Pylorus: The mucosa is thick and smooth.

Question 5: Gastroptosis occurs when:

A. The stomach fundus extends beyond the iliac crest

B. The upright and horizontal parts extend beyond the iliac crest

C. Reduced tonicity, loss of tonicity, increased tonicity

D. Stomach motility disorder

E. Stomach tonicity disorder

Explanation:

• Gastroptosis occurs when the stomach fundus extends beyond the iliac crest when the patient stands.

Question 6: A convexity on a barium meal film is a manifestation of:

A. A tumor invading the stomach lumen.

B. A lesion invading the stomach lumen.

C. A lesion that erodes and invades the stomach wall.

D. Drug accumulation in the stomach lumen.

E. An area that does not absorb the drug in the stomach lumen.

Explanation:

• A convexity on a barium meal film is a sign of a lesion that erodes and invades the stomach wall, commonly found in polyps, stomach cancer…

Question 7: A rigid appearance on a barium meal film is commonly found in:

A. Gastritis

B. Stomach cancer.

C. Stomach ulcer.

D. Stomach fibrosis.

E. All of the above.

Explanation:

• A rigid appearance on a barium meal film is commonly found in stomach cancer, due to the tumor invading the stomach wall.

Question 8: A stomach ulcer is a manifestation of:

A. Destruction of the stomach wall creating a defect on the X-ray film.

B. Destruction of the stomach wall creating a groove on the film.

C. Destruction of the stomach wall creating a sac on the film.

D. Destruction of the stomach wall creating drug accumulation on the tangential image.

E. Destruction of the stomach wall on the surface image.

Explanation:

• A stomach ulcer creates drug accumulation on the tangential image, because the contrast medium is retained in the ulcerated area.

Question 9: Stomach ulcers are commonly seen in:

A. Gastric antrum.

B. Cardiac notch.

C. Lesser curvature.

D. Greater curvature.

E. Pylorus.

Explanation:

• Stomach ulcers are commonly seen in the lesser curvature, as this area has many acid-secreting glands and is easily damaged.

Question 10: Differentiating between false drug accumulation and an ulcer is based on:

A. The edge of the drug accumulation.

B. The size of the drug accumulation.

C. The location of the drug accumulation.

D. The fixed and constant nature of the drug accumulation.

E. Changes when pressing on the abdominal wall.

Explanation:

• False drug accumulation is due to the contrast medium being retained in a particular location due to the position of the stomach, often changing location when the patient changes position, while an ulcer is fixed and constant.

Question 11: Mobile duodenum is found in:

A. D1

B. D2

C. D3

D. D4

Explanation:

• Mobile duodenum is the phenomenon of the duodenum moving freely within the abdominal cavity, commonly found in the first part of the duodenum (D1).

Question 12: Ultrasound is better at diagnosing the gastrointestinal system than conventional X-ray because:

A. It can assess all organs in the abdomen.

B. It can assess most of the organs in the abdomen.

C. It can assess both solid organs and part of the hollow organs.

D. It can assess both intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal regions.

E. It can assess all cases of acute abdominal emergencies.

Explanation:

• Ultrasound can assess both solid organs and part of the hollow organs, while conventional X-ray can only assess the hollow organs when contrast medium is present.

Question 13: To diagnose high intestinal obstruction or low intestinal obstruction, we rely on:

A. The shape of the air-fluid levels

B. The size of the air-fluid levels

C. The shape and characteristics of the air-fluid crescent

D. The shape, location, and size of the air-fluid levels

E. The nature and distribution of the air crescents.

Explanation:

• The shape, location, and size of the air-fluid levels help differentiate between high intestinal obstruction (low air-fluid levels, many levels) and low intestinal obstruction (high air-fluid levels, few levels).

Question 14: Air-fluid levels are commonly seen in cases of:

A. Solid organ rupture.

B. Intestinal obstruction.

C. Hollow organ perforation.

D. Intestinal volvulus.

E. Intestinal paralysis.

Explanation:

• Intestinal obstruction often causes gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment above the obstruction, creating air-fluid levels.

Question 15: Irregular defects in the colon on a barium enema film are caused by:

A. Tumors eroding into the colon wall.

B. Tumors invading the colon lumen.

C. Drug accumulation in the colon wall.

D. Drug accumulation at the colon border.

C. Chronic inflammatory tissue in the colon wall.

Explanation:

• Irregular defects on a barium enema film are often caused by tumors invading the colon lumen, making the colon mucosa uneven.

Question 16: A Cole’s pouch is a manifestation of:

A. Ulcer with complications of the stomach.

B. Ulcer with complications of the duodenum.

C. Ulcer with complications of the duodenal bulb.

D. Fibrotic atrophy of the duodenal bulb.

E. Ulcer with a wing-shaped deformity of the duodenal bulb.

Explanation:

• A Cole’s pouch is a manifestation of duodenal bulb ulcer, commonly found in peptic ulcer disease with complications.

Question 17: The best imaging diagnosis for liver tumors is:

A. Color Doppler ultrasound

B. CT scan

C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

D. Digital subtraction angiography

E. Radionuclide imaging.

Explanation:

• CT scan is the best imaging method for liver tumors, allowing accurate assessment of the tumor’s size, location, and characteristics.

Question 18: In the case of solid organ rupture, which imaging method is the best:

A. X-ray with injection

B. Color Doppler ultrasound

C. CT scan

D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Explanation:

• CT scan is the best imaging method in the case of solid organ rupture, allowing accurate identification of the location, extent of damage, and early detection of complications.

Question 19: The stomach drops when:

A. There is a tumor pushing it from above

B. Increased tonicity

C. Increased motility

D. Decreased tonicity

E. The stomach fundus lies below the iliac crest in the standing position.

Explanation:

• Gastroptosis occurs when decreased tonicity, making the stomach distended and drooped, the stomach fundus can lie below the iliac crest when the patient stands.

Question 20: The snowstorm appearance is seen in cases of:

A. Early pyloric stenosis

B. Late pyloric stenosis

C. Pyloric stenosis causing stomach narrowing, contrast medium falling through the fluid layer

D. Pyloric stenosis causing stomach dilation, contrast medium falling through the fluid layer

E. Contrast medium falling in the narrowed stomach.

Explanation:

• The snowstorm appearance appears when the stomach is narrowed, contrast medium falls through the fluid layer accumulated at the stomach fundus, creating an appearance similar to snowfall.

Question 21: We can use contrast medium for angiography to image the gastrointestinal tract.

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

• Contrast medium for angiography can be used for gastrointestinal imaging, but it is less commonly used than barium sulfate.

Question 22: Endoscopic examination cannot be performed when the gastrointestinal tract is narrowed.

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

• Endoscopic examination cannot be performed when the gastrointestinal tract is narrowed, as the endoscope cannot pass through the narrowed area.

Question 23: Endoscopic diagnosis is often more accurate than X-ray imaging of the gastrointestinal tract because it allows for assessment of the surface of the gastrointestinal tract and biopsy can be taken.

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

• Endoscopic examination allows for direct observation of the gastrointestinal tract wall surface, making it more accurate than X-ray imaging, and biopsies can be taken for histological examination.

Question 24: The best imaging method for the gastrointestinal tract wall is modern ultrasound:

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

• Modern ultrasound can assess the gastrointestinal tract wall, but it is not the best method, as it is limited by gas in the bowel. Endoscopic examination remains the best method for assessing the gastrointestinal tract wall.

Question 25: Computed tomography for solid organs is not as good as ultrasound:

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

• Computed tomography (CT) is a better imaging method than ultrasound for solid organs, allowing detailed assessment of the organ’s structure, location, and size.

Question 26: Oral contrast medium is usually:

A. Barium

B. Iodine

Explanation:

• Oral contrast medium is usually barium sulfate (barium), used to enhance contrast for the gastrointestinal tract on X-ray films.