Article on Miscarriage:

Article on Miscarriage:

Miscarriage is a common condition that occurs when a pregnancy ends before the fetus can survive. Early miscarriages account for about 15% of pregnancies, with later miscarriages occurring at a lower rate.

Causes of Miscarriage:

• Chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus: This is the most common cause, accounting for over 50% of miscarriages, especially early miscarriages.

• Incompetent cervix: Incompetent cervix can be congenital or caused by factors such as improper cervical dilation, cervical laceration in a previous birth, surgery to remove uterine fibroids, cervical cerclage, or cervical conization.

• Uterine fibroids: Submucosal uterine fibroids can cause the fetus to detach.

• Underdeveloped uterus: An underdeveloped uterus may prevent the fetus from being well-supported in the uterus.

• Double uterus: A double uterus can cause the fetus to detach from one part of the uterus.

• Older age: Older mothers are at higher risk of miscarriage.

• Infection: Infections such as malaria, Toxoplasma, syphilis, and typhoid can cause miscarriage.

• Other factors: In addition to the above causes, miscarriage can also be caused by other factors such as trauma, smoking, alcohol consumption, and the use of harmful drugs.

Symptoms of Miscarriage:

• Vaginal bleeding: May be light or heavy, bright red or dark, with or without blood clots.

• Abdominal pain: May be mild or severe, with or without uterine cramps.

• Cervical dilation: The cervix may be dilated or fully open, allowing fetal tissue to protrude.

Classification of Miscarriage:

• Threatened miscarriage: The fetus is alive, the cervix is closed, there is minimal bleeding, and there may or may not be abdominal pain.

• Inevitable miscarriage: The fetus is alive, the cervix is already open, there is heavy bleeding, and there is abdominal pain.

• Incomplete miscarriage: The fetus has been partially expelled from the uterus, the cervix is open, there is heavy bleeding, and there is abdominal pain.

• Complete miscarriage: The fetus and placenta have been completely expelled from the uterus, the cervix is closed, there is no more bleeding, and there is no more abdominal pain.

Treatment for Miscarriage:

• Threatened miscarriage: Treatment involves complete bed rest, antispasmodic medication, and progesterone supplementation.

• Inevitable miscarriage: Treatment involves dilation and curettage to remove the fetal tissue.

• Incomplete miscarriage: Treatment involves dilation and curettage to remove the remaining fetal tissue.

• Complete miscarriage: No further treatment is needed.

Miscarriage Prevention:

• Have a pre-pregnancy checkup.

• Maintain a healthy pregnancy, ensuring adequate nutrition.

• Avoid harmful factors during pregnancy such as smoking, alcohol, and the use of harmful drugs.

• Have regular prenatal checkups to detect any abnormalities early.

Note: Miscarriage is a serious issue that can impact the health of both the mother and the fetus. If you suspect you are having a miscarriage, seek immediate medical attention for diagnosis and treatment.