Article from given data:

Article from given data:

1. What is the biggest problem with the shotgun sequencing method?

Shotgun sequencing is a popular method for determining the sequence of a large DNA strand. However, it faces several issues, the biggest one being lack of DNA due to repetition. This is because the repetitive DNA segments are duplicated many times during the sequencing process, making it difficult to assemble the segments together.

2. How many genotypes can be created from a SNP locus with 3 alleles A, C, T?

With 3 alleles, each SNP locus can have 6 genotypes: AA, AC, AT, CC, CT, TT.

3. Which characteristic about cancer is not correct?

One of the incorrect characteristics of cancer is the older you get, the less cancer you get. In reality, cancer is more common in older people.

4. Cystic fibrosis can affect many organs, what is this an example of?

Cystic fibrosis is an example of pleiotropy. Pleiotropy is when a gene can affect multiple different traits of an organism.

5. What is the correct feature about RELP markers?

RELP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) is a DNA analysis technique based on the difference in length of DNA fragments cut by restriction enzymes. The correct feature of RELP is no PCR is used.

6. What is an exonuclease?

An exonuclease is an enzyme that can cut nucleotides from the end of a DNA or RNA chain.

7. What is metagenomics?

Metagenomics is the study of the complete genome of a microbial population in a given ecosystem.

8. What kind of mutation does UV irradiation cause?

UV irradiation can cause T-T dimer formation on the same strand.

9. What is transposase?

Transposase is an enzyme that can cut and paste mobile DNA segments (transposons) into other locations in the genome.

10. What feature is not present in both transcription and translation?

Both transcription and translation require DNA carrying a specific nucleotide sequence.

11. How does the lac operon work?

The lac operon operates on a negative induction mechanism. This means that when lactose is present, the repressor protein is removed from the operon, allowing the genes in the operon to be transcribed.

12. 1 DNA containing N15, after 2 rounds of replication in N14 medium, what is the % of DNA containing N15?

After 2 rounds of replication, 50% of the DNA will contain N15.

13. The California sea lion is an example of what phenomenon?

The California sea lion is an example of a bottleneck effect. The bottleneck effect occurs when a population size drops to a very low level, leading to a decrease in genetic diversity in the population.

14. In agriculture, what is the advantage of triploid plants?

Triploid plants have an advantage in agriculture because they are seedless.

15. How is double-stranded DNA break repaired?

Double-stranded DNA breaks are repaired by two mechanisms: homologous recombination (HDR) and non-homologous end joining (non-HDR). HDR uses a homologous DNA or RNA segment to attach to the break, while non-HDR joins the two broken ends together if the break is small.

16. How does a genetic map differ from a physical map?

A genetic map differs from a physical map mainly in units of measurement. A genetic map uses recombination distance as the unit of measurement, while a physical map uses the number of nucleotides as the unit of measurement.

17. What is the non-evolving feature of the promoter?

The non-evolving feature of the promoter is introns being easily cut out.

18. What will definitely happen when glucose levels decrease?

When glucose levels decrease, it will definitely be related to cAMP levels and the mechanism of transcriptional activation.

19. What does irreversible translocation produce?

Irreversible translocation produces deletions and duplications.

20. Which events create genetic diversity in meiosis?

Events that create genetic diversity in meiosis are crossing over and random segregation at the two metaphases.

21. What feature does not occur in mitosis?

The feature that does not occur in mitosis is both – change in chromosome number and crossing over.

22. In which mating pair does conjugation not occur?

Conjugation does not occur in the mating pair F- x F-.

23. What factors are required for both DNA synthesis and transcription in the laboratory?

Both DNA synthesis and transcription in the laboratory require DNA template.

24. 500 base pairs with 25 turns, what kind of twist is this?

500 base pairs with 25 turns is a positive supercoil.

Note:

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