Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz

This article will provide knowledge about the anatomical and physiological changes that women experience during pregnancy through a series of multiple-choice questions. Each question will present options, and you will have to choose the best answer. Try your hand at the following questions:

1. The uterus becomes almost spherical in which week of pregnancy:

A. 10th week of pregnancy.

B. 12th week of pregnancy.

C. 14th week of pregnancy.

D. 16th week of pregnancy.

Answer: B

2. The average increase in red blood cell volume in pregnant women during pregnancy is:

A. 250 ml.

B. 350 ml.

C. 450 ml.

D. 550 ml.

Answer: C

3. During pregnancy, cardiac output in pregnant women does not increase when:

A. The pregnant woman lies on her left side.

B. The pregnant woman lies on her back.

C. During the first trimester.

D. During the second trimester.

Answer: B

4. During pregnancy, what changes occur in the cervix:

A. Larger.

B. Softer.

C. Darker.

D. Cervical mucus becomes cloudy and thicker.

Answer: A, B, C, D. All of the above are correct.

5. In a normal pregnancy, when the height of the uterine fundus is 20 cm, the gestational age is equivalent to:

A. 22 weeks.

B. 24 weeks.

C. 26 weeks.

D. 28 weeks.

Answer: B

6. At the end of pregnancy, the pregnant woman’s respiration usually:

A. Becomes slower and deeper.

B. Becomes faster and deeper.

C. Becomes faster and shallower.

D. No change.

Answer: C

7. Regarding the lower uterine segment, choose the INCORRECT statement:

A. It is formed from the isthmus of the uterus.

B. It only forms during true labor.

C. It can be passively stretched.

D. The peritoneum covering the lower uterine segment is loose and easily separable.

Answer: B

8. Which of the following organs in the mother undergoes minimal morphological changes during pregnancy?

A. Uterus

B. Ovaries

C. Adrenal glands

D. Breasts

Answer: C

9. Hypocalcemia during pregnancy can occur due to:

A. Hyperactive parathyroid glands

B. Hypoactive parathyroid glands

C. Decreased calcium reabsorption

D. Vitamin D deficiency

Answer: B

10. The peritoneum at the isthmus of the uterus has the following characteristics:

A. Tightly attached to the uterine muscle

B. Loose, easily separable

C. Attached to the bladder

D. Attached to the cervix

Answer: B

11. Hegar’s sign describes the softening of which part of the uterus during the first trimester of pregnancy:

A. Body of the uterus

B. Isthmus of the uterus

C. Cervix

D. Cervix and isthmus

Answer: B

12. The cervical mucus during pregnancy has the following characteristics:

A. Clear and thin

B. Cloudy and thin

C. Cloudy and thick

D. Clear and thick

Answer: C

13. Where is the Haller’s venous plexus found during pregnancy?

A. Inner thigh

B. Around the umbilicus

C. Perineal area

D. Breasts

Answer: D

14. Constipation in pregnant women during pregnancy is due to:

A. Decreased bowel motility

B. Decreased bowel tone

C. Bowel compression

D. Decreased bowel motility, tone, and compression

Answer: D

15. The vagina of a pregnant woman undergoes physiological changes during pregnancy. Choose the MOST CORRECT statement:

A. Increased vascular proliferation and congestion in the vagina

B. Vaginal wall thickening

C. The vagina becomes softer, longer, and more extensible

D. Increased vascular proliferation, congestion, vaginal wall thickening, the vagina becomes softer, more extensible, and longer

Answer: D

16. All of the following statements about changes in the mother’s organs during pregnancy are correct, EXCEPT:

A. Thyroid gland slightly enlarges

B. The joints of the pelvis may soften and slightly expand

C. Ureteral peristalsis increases

D. Breathing is shallower and faster

Answer: C

17. Choose the MOST CORRECT statement about changes in pregnant women:

A. Frequent constipation due to decreased intestinal motility

B. Prone to pyelonephritis due to decreased ureteral motility, leading to poor urine drainage

C. Psychological and emotional changes may occur

D. Prone to constipation, urinary tract infections, and psychological changes

Answer: D

18. Maternal anemia during pregnancy is often associated with the following condition:

A. Iron deficiency

B. Sickle cell disease

C. Folic acid deficiency

D. Hemolytic anemia

Answer: A

19. During pregnancy, the mother’s basal metabolic rate can increase by 20%. This is due to:

A. Fetal development

B. Increased respiratory activity

C. Hyperactive thyroid gland

D. Increased activity of the thyroid gland, respiratory system, and fetal developmental needs

Answer: D

20. During a normal pregnancy, the mother’s weight gain averages about:

A. 6-8 kg

B. 8-10 kg

C. 10-12 kg

D. 12-15 kg

Answer: C

21. Which condition are pregnant women most susceptible to during pregnancy?

A. Iron-deficiency anemia

B. Hypertension

C. Heart disease

D. Urinary tract infection

Answer: A

22. During pregnancy, a pregnant woman’s heart rate increases by an average of:

A. 5-10 beats/minute.

B. 10-15 beats/minute.

C. 15-20 beats/minute.

D. 20-25 beats/minute.

Answer: B

23. The reason for physiological anemia during pregnancy is:

A. Due to a combination of increased plasma volume and decreased red blood cell volume due to dilution.

B. Due to increased plasma volume and maintaining the red blood cell volume.

C. Due to decreased red blood cell volume, without an increase in plasma volume.

D. Due to a slight decrease in plasma volume, and a significant decrease in red blood cell volume.

Answer: A

24. The levels of Progesterone and Estrogen in the pregnant woman’s blood reach their highest levels at:

A. The 6th month

B. The 7th month

C. The 8th month

D. The 9th month

Answer: D

25. After the 3rd month of pregnancy, Estrogen and Progesterone are produced by which organ:

A. Ovaries

B. Uterine lining

C. Placenta

D. Kidneys

Answer: C

26. Noble’s sign is caused by the pregnant uterus during the first trimester being shaped like:

A. An egg, with the smaller end down and the larger end up

B. Cylindrical

C. Spherical, with the lower pole bulging and palpable through the cul-de-sac

D. Like a spinning top

Answer: C

27. After pregnancy, from the second month onwards, the uterus enlarges gradually, each month increasing in the abdominal cavity above the pubic symphysis by:

A. 3 cm

B. 4 cm

C. 5 cm

D. 6 cm

Answer: B

28. The muscle fibers in the body of the uterus are arranged from outside to inside in the following order:

A. Interlacing muscle, circular muscle, longitudinal muscle

B. Circular muscle, longitudinal muscle, interlacing muscle

C. Longitudinal muscle, interlacing muscle, circular muscle

D. Interlacing muscle, longitudinal muscle, circular muscle

Answer: C

29. Vaginal smears during pregnancy have a clotting index of:

A. Very low

B. Low

C. Slightly increased

D. Highly increased

Answer: A

30. The vaginal mucosa turns purple during pregnancy due to:

A. Low vaginal pH (acidic)

B. High glycogen content

C. Many dilated veins under the mucosa

D. Blood vessels under the mucosa are compressed by the enlarged uterus

Answer: C

31. The glomerular filtration rate in pregnant women during pregnancy:

A. Decreases by 20%

B. Normal

C. Increases by 29%

D. Increases by 50%

Answer: D

32. The uterine height of a pregnant woman is normally cm when the pregnancy is 28 weeks (calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period):

A. 20 cm

B. 22 cm

C. 24 cm

D. 28 cm

Answer: C

33. At what point in pregnancy does hCG in the pregnant woman’s blood reach its highest concentration:

A. Immediately after conception

B. 8th-10th week of pregnancy

C. 20th-24th week

D. Before labor

Answer: B

34. The physiological function of hCG is:

A. Stimulates the release of estrogen

B. Maintains the corpus luteum of pregnancy

C. Maintains the activity of the placenta

D. Inhibits the pituitary gland

Answer: B

35. When the uterine height is approximately 28 cm, it corresponds to which gestational age:

A. 6 and a half months

B. 7 months

C. 7 and a half months

D. 8 months

Answer: D

36. In immune reactions, hCG often cross-reacts with which of the following substances:

A. LH.

B. Thyroxine.

C. Estrogen.

D. Cortisone.

Answer: A

37. The two hormones that change significantly when a woman becomes pregnant are:

A. hCG – Corticoids

B. hCG – Steroids

C. Insulin – Steroids

D. Corticoids – Steroids

Answer: B

38. How do the ovaries of a pregnant woman change during pregnancy:

A. Normal

B. Enlarged, edematous, congested

C. Enlarged, edematous

D. Edematous, congested

Answer: B

39. On average, the blood flow through the kidneys of a pregnant woman is:

A. 150 ml/minute

B. 200 ml/minute

C. 250 ml/minute

D. 300 ml/minute

Answer: C

40. The measurement of which steroid can indicate the health of the fetus?

A. Pregnandiol

B. Estradiol

C. Estriol

D. Estrone

Answer: C

41. The type of estrogen that increases the most in the mother’s blood during pregnancy is:

A. Estradiol

B. Estriol

C. Estrone

D. All three types increase equally

Answer: B

Please share this article with pregnant women so that they can better understand the physiological changes their bodies undergo during pregnancy.