Characteristics of Maxillary Molars Characteristics of Maxillary Molars Maxillary molars are the teeth that play a crucial role in grinding food, especially hard foods. Here are some prominent features of this group of teeth: 1. Occlusal Surface: Largest on the dental arch: Maxillary molars are the largest teeth on the dental arch, which gives them…
Chapter 5: Protein Synthesis Chapter 5: Protein Synthesis 1. Structure of Protein Proteins are made up of amino acids (a.a) linked together by peptide bonds. A polypeptide chain is a long chain of a.a linked together in a specific order. Proteins can be made up of one or more polypeptide chains. a. Isomers of a.a:…
Chapter 1: Head Examination Chapter 1: Head Examination I. Introduction A head examination is a crucial component of a comprehensive patient assessment. It enables physicians to detect early signs of abnormalities in the scalp, skull, and brain tissue, paving the way for prompt and effective treatment. II. Layers of the Scalp The scalp comprises five…
Cellular Membrane Transport Physiology Cellular Membrane Transport Physiology 1. The Cell Membrane Structure: The cell membrane is a thin structure (around 7.5-10nm), encapsulating the cell, separating the intracellular fluid from the extracellular fluid. It is composed of the following major components: Proteins (55%): Mostly glycoproteins, floating within the lipid bilayer of the membrane. Integral (transmembrane)…
Cell Membrane and Organelles Cell Membrane and Organelles Here is a detailed explanation of the cell membrane and organelles found within a cell: 1. Cell Membrane Thickness: 100 Å (Angstrom) Each layer: 25 – 30 Å Lipid Composition: Phospholipid: Comprises 55% – The primary component of the cell membrane. Cholesterol: Comprises 25 – 30% –…
Cardiovascular Physiology – Knowledge Supplement Cardiovascular Physiology – Knowledge Supplement I. Cardiac Conduction System The normal sinoatrial node is the pacemaker of the entire heart because: Higher impulse rate than other sites: The sinoatrial node has the highest intrinsic impulse rate (60-100 beats/minute), faster than the atrioventricular node (40-60 beats/minute) and the His-Purkinje system (20-40…
Breastfeeding: Benefits and Comprehensive Guide Breastfeeding: Benefits and Comprehensive Guide Breastfeeding is the optimal way to nourish newborns and infants. Breast milk is packed with nutrients, antibodies, and protective factors that help babies grow healthy, strong, and protected from diseases. I. Benefits of breastfeeding: 1. Benefits for baby: Perfect, sterile source of nutrition: Breast milk…
Bone and Teeth Development in Children Bone and Teeth Development in Children: What You Need to Know 1. Bone Development 1.1. Bone Ossification Centers 3-6 months: The radius and ulna bones in the forearm begin to show ossification centers. 3 years old: The trapezium bone in the wrist starts to show an ossification center. 4-6…
Blood-Regulating Medicines: Unlocking the Secrets of Blood Flow Blood-Regulating Medicines: Unlocking the Secrets of Blood Flow Blood, the life-giving fluid, plays a critical role in transporting oxygen, nutrients, and removing waste products throughout the body. When blood flow is disrupted, our health can suffer. Blood-regulating medicines, also known as hemostatic or blood-activating medicines, are a…
Blood Physiology: Detailed Questions and Answers Blood Physiology: Detailed Questions and Answers 1. Erythropoietin production is increased when: Living at a high altitude > 4000m for a long time. A. True Explanation: * At altitudes greater than 4000m, the atmospheric pressure is lower, and the oxygen concentration in the air is also reduced. This leads…