Ovarian Cysts: Overview and Management Guide

Ovarian cysts are a common health issue affecting women of all ages. They can be benign or malignant, and symptoms can range from mild to severe.

1. Types of Ovarian Cysts:

• Functional cysts: These are benign cysts that often disappear after a few menstrual cycles.

• Examples include: Follicular cysts, Corpus luteum cysts.

• Organic cysts: These cysts involve actual tissue damage in the ovary and require surgical removal.

• Examples include: Serous cysts, Mucinous cysts, Dermoid cysts, Mixed cysts.

2. Complications of Ovarian Cysts:

• Cyst torsion: This is the most common complication, causing severe lower abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

• Cyst rupture: This can cause severe abdominal pain and may lead to peritonitis.

• Cyst hemorrhage: This is rare, but can cause lower abdominal pain.

• Malignancy: While the risk is low, timely monitoring and treatment are essential.

3. Common Symptoms:

• Lower abdominal pain or discomfort

• Abdominal bloating

• Irregular menstruation

• Urinary problems

• Pain during intercourse

4. Diagnosis:

• Gynecological examination

• Ultrasound: The most accurate diagnostic method

• Hysterosalpingography: Detects abnormalities in the fallopian tube structure.

• Biopsy: Determines the benign or malignant nature of the cyst.

5. Management:

• Functional cysts: Regular monitoring, often resolve on their own.

• Organic cysts: Surgery is the primary treatment method.

• Ovarian cysts during pregnancy: Close monitoring. If complications arise, emergency surgery is required.

6. Important Notes:

• Get regular gynecological check-ups for early detection of abnormalities.

• If you have any suspected symptoms of ovarian cysts, consult a doctor immediately.

• Take care of yourself with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management.

7. Frequently Asked Questions:

• Can ovarian cysts cause infertility? It is possible, but not always the case. Cyst torsion, rupture, and malignancy can all impact fertility.

• Can ovarian cysts be cured completely? Functional cysts can disappear on their own. Organic cysts require surgical removal, and there is a possibility of recurrence.

Note: This article is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Consult your doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.