Anatomy of the Lower Limb

Sartorius:

• Forms the outer boundary of the femoral triangle.

• Longest muscle in the body.

Adductor Canal:

• Contains: Saphenous nerve, Femoral artery, Femoral vein, Inferior branch of Vastus medialis muscle.

Calf:

• Formed by the gastrocnemius muscle.

Quadriceps Femoris:

• Involved in knee extension.

Sitting:

• Body weight is concentrated on the ischial tuberosity.

Triangular Interval:

• Formed by the teres minor-triceps triangle and the quadrangular space by the long head of the triceps brachii.

Teres minor-triceps triangle:

• Contains the suprascapular artery.

Quadrangular Space (teres minor, teres major, humerus, long head of triceps):

• Contains the posterior humeral circumflex artery + axillary nerve.

Triceps triangle (teres major, humerus, long head of triceps):

• Contains the posterior humeral artery + radial nerve.

Axillary Canal:

• Contains the brachial artery and vein + median nerve + radial nerve + profunda brachii artery.

Thoracoacromial artery:

• A lateral branch of the axillary artery, located behind the pectoralis minor muscle.

Medial brachial cutaneous nerve:

• Originates from the anterior medial cord of the brachial plexus.

Biceps brachii:

• Crosses over the brachial artery superiorly.

Radial nerve:

• Innervates the elbow muscles.

Ulnar nerve:

• No lateral branches in the arm, except for a small branch to the elbow joint.

Brachial artery:

• Has two terminal branches: Radial artery and Ulnar artery.

Annular ligament of the wrist:

• Passes over the ulnar nerve.

Coracobrachialis muscle:

• Innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.