Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz

Anatomical and Physiological Changes in Women During Pregnancy: Quiz

This article will focus on the anatomical and physiological changes in women during pregnancy through a series of quiz questions.

1. Uterus:

• Question 168: In what week of pregnancy does the uterus become almost spherical?

• A. 10

• B. 12

• C. 14

• D. 16

• Answer: B. 12

• Question 171: What changes does the cervix undergo during pregnancy?

• A. Larger

• B. Softer

• C. Darker

• D. Cervical mucus becomes cloudy and thicker

• Answer: All of the above (A, B, C, D)

• Question 172: During a normal pregnancy, when the uterine height is 20cm, the gestational age is equivalent to:

• A. 22 weeks

• B. 24 weeks

• C. 26 weeks

• D. 28 weeks

• Answer: B. 24 weeks

• Question 174: Regarding the lower uterine segment, choose the INCORRECT statement:

• A. Formed from the isthmus of the uterus

• B. Forms only during true labor

• C. Can be passively stretched

• D. The peritoneum covering the lower uterine segment is loose and easily detachable

• Answer: B. Forms only during true labor

• Question 178: Hegar’s sign describes the softening in which part of the uterus during the first trimester of pregnancy?

• A. Body of the uterus

• B. Isthmus of the uterus

• C. Cervix

• D. Cervix and isthmus

• Answer: B. Isthmus of the uterus

• Question 193: Noble’s sign is due to the pregnant uterus in the first trimester having a shape:

• A. Oval, with the smaller end down and the larger end up

• B. Cylindrical

• C. Spherical, with the lower end bulging and palpable through the lateral pouch

• D. Top-shaped

• Answer: C. Spherical, with the lower end bulging and palpable through the lateral pouch

• Question 194: After pregnancy, starting from the second month, the uterus grows progressively, each month moving into the abdomen above the pubic symphysis by:

• A. 3cm

• B. 4cm

• C. 5cm

• D. 6cm

• Answer: B. 4cm

• Question 195: The muscle fibers in the body of the uterus are arranged from the outside to the inside in this order:

• A. Interlacing muscle, circular muscle, longitudinal muscle

• B. Circular muscle, longitudinal muscle, interlacing muscle

• C. Longitudinal muscle, interlacing muscle, circular muscle

• D. Interlacing muscle, longitudinal muscle, circular muscle

• Answer: C. Longitudinal muscle, interlacing muscle, circular muscle

• Question 199: The uterine height of a pregnant woman is normally:

• A. 20 cm

• B. 22 cm

• C. 24 cm

• D. 28 cm

• Answer: C. 24 cm

• Question 202: During pregnancy, a uterine height of approximately 28 cm corresponds to what gestational age?

• A. 6.5 months

• B. 7 months

• C. 7.5 months

• D. 8 months

• Answer: D. 8 months

2. Blood and Circulation:

• Question 169: The average increase in red blood cell volume in a pregnant woman’s blood during pregnancy is:

• A. 250 ml

• B. 350 ml

• C. 450 ml

• D. 550 ml

• Answer: C. 450 ml

• Question 170: During pregnancy, the cardiac output of a pregnant woman does not increase when:

• A. The pregnant woman is lying on her left side

• B. The pregnant woman is lying on her back

• C. During the first trimester

• D. During the second trimester

• Answer: B. The pregnant woman is lying on her back

• Question 189: During pregnancy, the pregnant woman’s heart rate increases by an average of:

• A. 5-10 beats per minute

• B. 10-15 beats per minute

• C. 15-20 beats per minute

• D. 20-25 beats per minute

• Answer: B. 10-15 beats per minute

• Question 190: The cause of physiological anemia during pregnancy is:

• A. Due to a combination of increased plasma volume and decreased red blood cell volume due to dilution.

• B. Due to increased plasma volume and maintaining the red blood cell volume.

• C. Due to decreased red blood cell volume, without an increase in plasma volume.

• D. Due to a slight decrease in plasma volume, a significant decrease in red blood cell volume.

• Answer: A. Due to a combination of increased plasma volume and decreased red blood cell volume due to dilution.

• Question 196: A vaginal smear during pregnancy has a clotting factor:

• A. Very low

• B. Low

• C. Slightly increased

• D. High

• Answer: A. Very low

• Question 197: The vaginal mucosa turns purple during pregnancy due to:

• A. Low vaginal pH (acidic)

• B. High glycogen content

• C. Many dilated veins under the mucosa

• D. Compression of blood vessels under the mucosa due to the large uterus

• Answer: C. Many dilated veins under the mucosa

• Question 198: The glomerular filtration rate of a pregnant woman’s kidneys during pregnancy:

• A. Decreases by 20%

• B. Normal

• C. Increases by 29%

• D. Increases by 50%

• Answer: D. Increases by 50%

• Question 206: The average blood flow through the kidneys of a pregnant woman is:

• A. 150 ml/minute

• B. 200 ml/minute

• C. 250 ml/minute

• D. 300 ml/minute

• Answer: C. 250 ml/minute

3. Respiratory System:

• Question 173: Towards the end of pregnancy, the pregnant woman’s breathing usually:

• A. Becomes slower and deeper

• B. Becomes faster and deeper

• C. Becomes faster and shallower

• D. Does not change

• Answer: C. Becomes faster and shallower

4. Digestive System:

• Question 181: Constipation in pregnant women during pregnancy is due to:

• A. Decreased bowel motility

• B. Decreased bowel tone

• C. Compression of the intestines

• D. Decreased bowel motility, tone, and compression

• Answer: D. Decreased bowel motility, tone, and compression

• Question 182: During pregnancy, the pregnant woman’s vagina undergoes physiological changes. Choose the most ACCURATE statement:

• A. There is increased vascularization and congestion in the vagina

• B. The vaginal wall thickens

• C. The vagina becomes softer, longer, and more easily distensible

• D. There is increased vascularization, congestion, vaginal wall thickening, the vagina becomes softer, more distensible, and longer

• Answer: D. There is increased vascularization, congestion, vaginal wall thickening, the vagina becomes softer, more distensible, and longer

5. Endocrine System:

• Question 175: Which of the following organs in the mother undergoes minimal morphological changes during pregnancy?

• A. Uterus

• B. Ovaries

• C. Adrenal glands

• D. Breasts

• Answer: C. Adrenal glands

• Question 176: Hypocalcemia during pregnancy can occur due to:

• A. Hyperactivity of the parathyroid glands

• B. Hypoactivity of the parathyroid glands

• C. Decreased calcium reabsorption

• D. Vitamin D deficiency

• Answer: B. Hypoactivity of the parathyroid glands

• Question 186: During pregnancy, the mother’s basal metabolic rate can increase by 20% due to:

• A. Fetal development

• B. Increased respiratory activity

• C. Hyperactivity of the thyroid gland

• D. Increased activity of the thyroid gland, respiratory system, and fetal development needs

• Answer: D. Increased activity of the thyroid gland, respiratory system, and fetal development needs

• Question 191: Progesterone and estrogen levels in the pregnant woman’s blood reach their peak at:

• A. The 6th month

• B. The 7th month

• C. The 8th month

• D. The 9th month

• Answer: D. The 9th month

• Question 192: After the third month of pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone are produced by:

• A. Ovaries

• B. Uterine lining

• C. Placenta

• D. Kidneys

• Answer: C. Placenta

• Question 200: At what point in pregnancy does hCG in the pregnant woman’s blood reach its highest concentration?

• A. At the time of conception

• B. Week 8-10 of pregnancy

• C. Week 20-24

• D. Before labor

• Answer: B. Week 8-10 of pregnancy

• Question 201: The physiological function of hCG is:

• A. Stimulate estrogen release

• B. Maintain the corpus luteum of pregnancy

• C. Maintain placental function

• D. Inhibit the pituitary gland

• Answer: B. Maintain the corpus luteum of pregnancy

• Question 203: In immunological reactions, hCG often cross-reacts with which of the following substances:

• A. LH

• B. Thyroxine

• C. Estrogen

• D. Cortisone

• Answer: A. LH

• Question 204: The two hormones that change significantly during pregnancy are:

• A. hCG – Corticoid

• B. hCG – Steroid

• C. Insulin – Steroid

• D. Corticoid – Steroid

• Answer: B. hCG – Steroid

• Question 205: How do the ovaries of a pregnant woman change during pregnancy:

• A. Normal

• B. Enlarge, swell, and become congested

• C. Enlarge and swell

• D. Swell and become congested

• Answer: B. Enlarge, swell, and become congested

• Question 207: Measuring which steroid can indicate the health status of the fetus?

• A. Pregnandiol

• B. Estradiol

• C. Estriol

• D. Estrone

• Answer: C. Estriol

• Question 208: The type of estrogen that increases most significantly in the mother’s blood during pregnancy is:

• A. Estradiol

• B. Estriol

• C. Estrone

• D. All three types increase equally

• Answer: B. Estriol

Note: The above information is for informational purposes only. For further information about anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy, consult a medical professional.