Chapter 3: Duodenum – Pancreas

Chapter 3: Duodenum – Pancreas

Duodenum:

• Mobile Part:

• Occupies 2/3 of the upper part (duodenal bulb).

• The remaining part is fixed.

• Duodenal Bulb:

• Smooth mucosa.

• The remaining part has many folds.

• Arteries:

• Gastroduodenal artery.

• Splenic artery.

• Superior mesenteric artery.

Pancreas:

• Structure:

• Has 3 surfaces: Anterior surface, posterior surface, inferior surface.

• Has 3 borders: The anterior border has a peritoneal fold attached to it.

• Pancreatic Duct:

• It is the main digestive duct.

• The acinar cells have a shape like a leaf vein.

Relationship between Duodenum and Pancreas:

• Mobile part and pylorus: Located in front of the pancreas.

• Fixed portion of the upper part: Divides the pancreas into two parts:

• Anterior to the groove is the anterior lobe.

• Posterior to the groove is the peritoneal lobe.

Relationship of the Pancreatic Block:

• Relationship to peritoneum:

• Posterior surface: Duodeno-pancreatic fold.

• Anterior surface: The root of the transverse mesocolon attaches, dividing the pancreas into upper and lower parts.

• The mesentery of the small intestine adheres to the duodenojejunal angle, forming the retroduodenal recess.

• Relationship to organs:

• The superior mesenteric artery impresses on the inferior surface of the pancreas, creating the pancreatic notch.

• Relationship of the pancreatic notch:

• Posterior: Abdominal aorta, portal vein.

• Superior: Celiac trunk.

• Inferior: Superior mesenteric artery.

Blood Vessels:

• Superior Pancreatic Vein: Drains into the portal vein.

• Inferior Pancreatic Vein: Drains into the superior mesenteric vein.

• Body and Tail Pancreatic Veins: Drain into the splenic vein.

• Superior Pancreatic Vein: Drains into the portal vein.

Note:

• Use bullet points to create a clear layout.

• Capitalize the first letter of specialized nouns.

• Use simple and easy-to-understand language.