The Mandible: Structure and Function

The mandible is the only bone in the skull that can move. It is shaped like a horseshoe and articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.

Key Features of the Mandible:

• Mental Foramen: Located on the oblique line of the mandible, it houses the mental blood vessels and nerve.

• Two Superior Mental Spines: Serve as the attachment point for the genioglossus muscle.

• Two Inferior Mental Spines: Serve as the attachment point for the geniohyoid muscle.

• Mandibular Foramen: Communicates with the mandibular canal, allowing passage of the inferior alveolar nerve.

• Lingual of the Mandible: Located on the inner surface of the mandible, it features the Spix spine.

• Mylohyoid Groove: Runs from the lingual of the mandible down, containing blood vessels and nerves.

• Mandibular Notch: Located posteriorly, allowing passage of the masseteric vessels and nerve.

• Small Depression on the Mandibular Ramus: Allows the facial artery to pass through.

• Condylar Process: Located posteriorly, serves as the attachment point for the temporalis muscle.

Functions:

The mandible plays a crucial role in chewing, speaking, and facial expressions. It also helps maintain the shape of the face.

Conclusion:

The mandible is a complex structure with many important functions. Understanding its structure and function is essential for diagnosing and treating diseases related to the maxillofacial region.